| HCNA-22 配置RIPv2的认证 
 
 基本配置 <Huawei>system-view [r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 [r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.10.1 24 [r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit [r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.12.1 24 [r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit [r1]rip 1 [r1-rip-1]version 2 [r1-rip-1]network 192.168.10.0 [r1-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0 [r1-rip-1]quit   <Huawei>system-view [Huawei]sysname r2 [r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 [r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.20.1 24 [r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit [r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.12.2 24 [r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit [r2]rip 1 [r2-rip-1]version 2 [r2-rip-1]network 192.168.20.0 [r2-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0 [r2-rip-1]quit [r2]display ip routing-table  Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public         Destinations : 11       Routes :11        Destination/Mask   Proto   Pre  Cost     Flags NextHop         Interface      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0   0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0 ……    192.168.10.0/24  RIP    100  1           D  172.16.12.1     GigabitEthernet 0/0/0   192.168.20.0/24  Direct  0   0           D   192.168.20.1    GigabitEthernet …… 模拟非法路由进行网络攻击 <Huawei>system-view [Huawei]sysname r3 [r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.12.3 24 [r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit [r3]rip 1 [r3-rip-1]version 2 [r3-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0 [r3-rip-1]quit [r3]display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public         Destinations : 9        Routes :9         Destination/Mask   Proto   Pre  Cost     Flags NextHop         Interface    ……  172.16.12.255/32  Direct  0   0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet 0/0/0    192.168.10.0/24  RIP    100  1           D  172.16.12.1     GigabitEthernet 0/0/0    192.168.20.0/24  RIP    100  1           D  172.16.12.2     GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 255.255.255.255/32 Direct  0    0          D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0 R3可以轻易获取到R1与R2的路由 若此时R3对R1与R2进ping –t操作发送大量数据包,可以形成攻击形式 下面配置欺骗网段 [r3]interface LoopBack 1 [r3-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.10.1 24 [r3-LoopBack1]quit [r3]interface loopback 2 [r3-LoopBack2]ip address 192.168.20.1 24 [r3-LoopBack2]quit [r3]display ip interface brief *down: administratively down ^down: standby (l): loopback (s): spoofing The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4 The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is2 The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4 The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is2   Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical  Protocol   GigabitEthernet0/0/0              172.16.12.3/24       up         up         GigabitEthernet0/0/1              unassigned           down       down      GigabitEthernet0/0/2              unassigned           down       down      LoopBack1                         192.168.10.1/24      up        up(s)      LoopBack2                         192.168.20.1/24      up        up(s)      NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)     [r3]rip 1 [r3-rip-1]network 192.168.10.0 [r3-rip-1]network 192.168.20.0 [r3-rip-1]quit    查看R1与R2的路由表 <r1>display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public         Destinations : 11       Routes :12        Destination/Mask   Proto   Pre  Cost     Flags NextHop         Interface      ……   192.168.20.0/24  RIP     100 1           D   172.16.12.2     GigabitEthernet 0/0/0                    RIP     100 1           D   172.16.12.3     GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 255.255.255.255/32 Direct  0    0          D   127.0.0.1      InLoopBack0   <r2>display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public         Destinations : 11       Routes :12        Destination/Mask   Proto   Pre  Cost     Flags NextHop         Interface ……   192.168.10.0/24  RIP     100 1           D   172.16.12.1     GigabitEthernet 0/0/0                    RIP     100 1           D   172.16.12.3     GigabitEthernet 0/0/0   192.168.20.0/24  Direct  0   0           D   192.168.20.1    GigabitEthernet …….         重要的地方来了,R1和R2接收到了R3发来的路由更新,由于R2和R3发送RIP更新的COST都是1跳,所以在R1的路由表中,目的为192.168.20.0的网段形成了两条等价负载均衡的路径,下一跳分别是R2与R3,这样一来会导致去往192.168.20.0网段的数据包会有部份发送到了非法路由R3。R2路由表变化与R1一样。 配置RIPv2简单验证 配置两端接口认证 <r1>system-view [r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip authentication-modesimple cipher admin1234  //配置RIP认证模式为简单密码admin1234 PC>ping 192.168.20.100   Ping 192.168.20.100: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C tobreak Request timeout! Request timeout! Request timeout! Request timeout! Request timeout!   --- 192.168.20.100 ping statistics ---   5 packet(s)transmitted   0 packet(s)received   100.00%packet loss 当只配置了一个接口的认证后,RIP运行不再正常,需要连接端口同时配置认证! <r2>system-view [r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip authentication-modesimple admin1234 [r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit [r2]display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public         Destinations : 11       Routes :11        Destination/Mask   Proto   Pre  Cost     Flags NextHop         Interface …….    192.168.10.0/24  RIP    100  1           D  172.16.12.1     GigabitEthernet 0/0/0   192.168.20.0/24  Direct  0   0           D   192.168.20.1    GigabitEthernet ….. 此时R3的路由没有了,由于R3没有配置RIP认证,所以被排斥了出去。 
 抓包发现R1与R2间的RIP报文内有包含authentication字样,并且password是明文显示的admin1234。 配置RIPv2 MD5认证 <r1>system-view [r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo ripauthentication-mode [r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip authentication-mode md5usual cipher admin1234 [r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit   <r2>system-view [r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0 [r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]undo rip authentication-mode [r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip authentication-mode md5usual cipher admin1234 [r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit 
 |